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10G SFP+ Transceiver-180x180.JPG)
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Network Convergence on the Photonic Layer Part 2
The Cisco DWDM XENPAK supports digital optical monitoring (DOM) capability according to the industry-standard SFF-8724 Multi Source Agreement (MSA). This feature gives the end user the ability to monitor real-time parameters of the XENPAK, such as optical output power, optical input power, temperature, laser bias current, and transceiver supply voltage. Digital optical monitoring enables network administrators to view the optical network physical layer performance through proactive monitoring and management of ports and links and enables optical management capabilities, without the usage of complex optical tools that are not well known and supported by enterprise network operators. Digital optical monitoring is supported on DWDM XENPAKs with Cisco IOS® Software Release 12.2(18) SXE on Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series Switches. The real-time digital optical monitoring parameters can be gained using a command-line interface or by using the SNMP interface.
Figure 3 DOM Output of a DWMD XENPAK Device at ITU Channel 26
Figure 3 shows the output of a 10Gbps DWDM XENPAK device. The measurement has been performed with a single DWDM XENPAK interconnected with a loopback cable via a 10 dB attenuator. The internally calibrated transmitted power is 0.0dBm and is above the -1.0dBm minimum transmitter power specified in the data sheet. The measured received optical input is -10.1dBm caused by the attenuator and connector losses. The specified minimum optical input power is -24dBm, giving a power budget of 23dB.
A more detailed command line output including the threshold values for temperature, current, voltage and optical TX/RX values is shown by executing the command “show interface transceiver detail”. To enable threshold notification for all sensors in the transceivers the command “SNMP-server enable trap transceiver” has to be made. Enabling transceiver monitoring is done with the command “transceiver type all”.
Traditional DWDM solutions are using fixed-channel filters that can add and drop specific channels or bands of wavelengths.
The components of these systems are passive and do not require any electrical connections, enabling a very low-cost optical solution if combining with DWDM transceiver pluggables. Such a system consists of add-drop modules covering various channel ranges, optical splitters or combiners to connect add-drop modules, and optical amplifiers to amplify the signal and variable optical attenuators (VOA) to equalize the optical power of channel groups.
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Figure 4 Fixed-Filter Based DWDM Components (Add Path)
Figure 4 shows the components of an add path, where six 10 Gigabit Ethernet XENPAKs are multiplexed on a single fiber. The system consists of two 2-channel add modules, one 8-channel add module, a 4:1 combiner, a variable optical attenuator, and an optical amplifier to move beyond typical campus distances.
Additional channels can be added easily without service interruption to the existing 8-channel add module, but also an additional module can be connected to the free combiner port. The system shown is connected in a parallel layout with x:1 combiners, but also linear layouts are possible. The layout depends on the balance between the highest degrees of flexibility compared with the better channel power equalization.
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