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Multiplexer Knowledge
- Why is Multiplexing Needed in Data Communication Systems?
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- What is Digital TV Frequency?
- Outlook of the WDM Networks
- DWDM Technical Overview
- CWDM Technical Overview
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Multiplexers can be used to connect PBX, Hot line and other devices of network from central site to user site through fiber optical cable.
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WDM Technology Overview
After languishing for several years as an exciting technology without having a cost-effective application, wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) started playing an important role throughout telecommunications system in the early 1990s. This resulted from your surge in need for high capacity links and also the limitation in the installed fibers plant within handing high-rate optical signals over any significant distance. This particular limitation triggered a rapid potential exhaustion of long-haul fiber networks.
This limitation led to a rapid capacity exhaustion of long-haul fiber networks. While installing an optical fiber cable plant is both expensive and extremely time consuming, expanding the capacity of an installed network is economically attractive. Tradition carries upgraded their link capacity by increasing the transmission rate. This worked well initially, with speeds eventually reaching 2.5 Gb/s. However, when going to the next multiplexing level of 10Gb/s, people starts to encounter the effects that can seriously degrade WDM network performance such as the dispersion, reflections, scattering, etc.
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1-64 Channels Video Multiplexer
New fiber designs, special dispersion-compensation techniques, and optical isolators can mitigate these limitations, and newly installed links are operating very well as 10Gb/s per wavelength.
However, a large portion of the older installed fiber base is limited to OC-48 rates (2.5Gb/s) at a given wavelength. Thus, a great interest has been established in using WDM, not only for older links but also to have a very high capacity new links.
For a typical WDM link, at the transmitting end, there are several independently modulated light sources, each emitting signals at a unique wavelength. Here a multiplexer is needed to combine these optical outputs into a continuous spectrum of signals and couple them onto a single fiber. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer is required to separate the optical signals into appropriate detection channels for signal processing.
At the transmitter, the basic design challenge is to have the multiplexer provide a low-loss path from each optical source to the multiplexer output. Since the optical signals that are combined generally do not emit any significant amount of optical power outside of the designated channel spectral width, interchannel cross-talk factors are relatively unimportant at the transmitting end.
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