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Multiplexer Knowledge
Recommended
STM Frame Format
The basic format of the SDH frame is the Synchronous Transport Module (STM). The first level is STM-1. The frame is formed by 9 rows and 270 Bytes (columns). Transmission is row by row, starting with the byte in the upper left corner and ending with the byte in the lower right corner. The frame repetition rate is 125μs. Each byte in the payload represents a 64-Kbps channel.
Frame repetition rate
The first 9 bytes of each row contain the Section Overhead which is used to transport support functions (framing, error monitoring...). The remaining 270 bytes form the payload of the STM. The payload can be assigned to carry signals with lower bit rate.
For STM-N, the frame is represented in this way:
STM-N Frame Form